Ear, Nose, and Throat (ENT) emergencies can be sudden, frightening, and painful. These conditions require quick diagnosis and timely intervention to prevent serious complications. Among all ENT-related emergencies, one stands out due to its frequency and potential risks. So, what is the most common ENT emergency? The answer is epistaxis—commonly known as a nosebleed.

Epistaxis: The Most Common ENT Emergency

While it may seem harmless at first glance, a nosebleed can sometimes signal a serious underlying condition or lead to significant blood loss if not treated properly.

Why Is Epistaxis So Common?

Far from being a random event, nosebleeds are often caused by a combination of internal and external factors:

• 1. Trauma to the Nose One of the most frequent causes, especially in children and young adults. This includes nose-picking, sports injuries, or accidental bumps.
• 2. Dry or Cold Weather Exposure to low humidity environments or heated indoor air can dry out nasal membranes, making them more prone to bleeding.
• 3. Underlying Health Conditions High blood pressure, blood clotting disorders, or infections can cause recurring nosebleeds.
• 4. Medications Blood thinners (like aspirin or warfarin) can increase the risk of spontaneous bleeding.
• 5. Frequent Upper Respiratory Infections Constant sneezing, nose-blowing, or inflammation can lead to damaged blood vessels in the nasal cavity.

Types of Epistaxis:

1. Anterior Epistaxis – The most common and usually less severe.

2. Posterior Epistaxis – Less common but more dangerous and harder to control.

3. Recurrent Epistaxis – Frequent episodes that may signal an underlying issue.

When to Worry

The bedding may seem soaked not just in blood but in fear when a nosebleed won’t stop. If the bleeding is heavy, occurs frequently, or is accompanied by symptoms like dizziness, fatigue, or chest pain—it may indicate a severe medical issue.